猪病诊断网站(猪译馆全球猪病监测报告2022年12月下)

农村养殖畜牧网养猪技术 2023-08-12 02:09:20 527

译者的话：

非瘟，继续肆虐：欧洲非洲的非洲猪瘟疫情数量增加--立陶宛、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚和北马其顿发生非瘟且野猪非瘟报告数比上个月增加3倍。亚洲的非瘟也不平静：不丹、印度、尼泊尔、韩国、泰国、菲律宾和越南也报告了非瘟的发生。俄罗斯饲料生产商不愿使用食品垃圾，是基于要确保饲料符合饲料行业的质量标准，包括与兽医安全有关的标准，他们对待过期食品（即使是加热过的）用于猪饲料的角度值得我们思考。口蹄疫不忘记在这个季节刷存在，稍微侥幸的是亚洲（巴拉斯坦）发生的毒株仍是O型。全球猪病监测报告，请看2022年年终版。

全球猪病监测报告2022年12月（下）

Swine Disease Global Surveillance Report, Dec. 2022 - Part 2

非洲猪瘟

African Swine Fever

亚洲 ASIA

11月，七个国家(不丹、印度、尼泊尔、韩国、泰国、菲律宾和越南)报告了在家猪中爆发非洲猪瘟疫情。目前还没有野猪感染非洲猪瘟的官方报告(图3)。

In November, seven countries (Bhutan, India, Nepal, the Republic of Korea,Thailand, The Philippines, and Vietnam) reported ASF outbreaks in domestic swine. There were no official reports of ASF in wild boars (Map 3).

猪病诊断网站(猪译馆全球猪病监测报告2022年12月下)

图3：亚洲非洲猪瘟疫情：2022年12月5日(来源：粮农组织-全球动物疾病信息系统) -注：此地图不包括此期间印度报告的疫情(见地图4)

Map 3. African swine fever situation in Asia: December 5, 2022 (Source: FAO EMPRES-i) - Note: this map doesn’t include the outbreaks reported during this period in India (refer to Map 4)

区域大事记

Regional highlights

● 不丹| 11月29日：联合国粮农组织全球动物疾病信息系统报告了三起独立的非洲猪瘟疫情，这些疫情发生在不丹与印度南部边境的萨姆德鲁琼卡尔宗和盖莱普宗。在萨姆德鲁琼卡尔宗报告了两起非洲猪瘟；其中一起发生在Gayzor村，有4例病例，4例死亡，750头猪面临风险；另一起发生在Luminang村，有15例病例，11例死亡，230头猪面临风险。萨庞区于2022年11月29日报告了一起非洲猪瘟疫情，但尚未提供疫情的流行病学细节。不丹农业部宣布了控制措施，包括禁止动物从受影响地区移动和提高养殖户的敏感性。

Bhutan | November 29: Three separate ASF disease events were reported to FAO EMPRES-i. These events occurred in Bhutan’s southern border with India, in Samdrupjongkhar and Sarpang districts. In Samdrupjongkhar, two ASF outbreaks were reported; one in Gayzor village with four cases, four deaths, and 750 pigs at risk; a second outbreak was reported in Luminang Village with 15 cases, 11 deaths, and 230 pigs at risk. In Sarpang district, an ASF outbreak was reported on November 29, 2022, but epidemiological details of the outbreak have not been provided yet. The Bhutan ministry of agriculture has announced control measures including a ban on animal movement from affected areas and mass sensitization of pig farmers.

● 菲律宾| 11月21日：继上个月在西维萨亚斯报告了第一例非洲猪瘟之后，在莱加内斯、新卢塞纳、米娜和阿里莫迪亚村庄又报告了四例疫情。来自这四个村庄受影响农场的大约100头生猪已被当局扑杀。在西维萨亚斯行政区之外，2022年11月6日，全球动物疾病信息系统在三宝颜河半岛图马加兽防区报告了一起新的非洲猪瘟疫情。

The Philippines | November 21: Following the report of the first ASF case in western Visayas last month, four more outbreaks have been reported in the villages of Leganes, New Lucena, Mina and Alimodian. Approximately 100 hogs from affected farms in the four villages have been culled by authorities. Outside the administrative zone of western Visayas, there was one new ASF outbreak reported to EMPRESi on November 6, 2022, in the Tumaga veterinary district of Zamboanga Peninsula.

● 韩国| 11月8日：在江原道铁原市报道了一起非洲猪瘟疫情，9头ASF阳性猪死亡。这是韩国近两个月来首次爆发非洲猪瘟。为防止疾病进一步传播，在受感染农场扑杀了5,492头猪。据当地消息来源称，农业、食品和农村事务部的官员将对受影响农场附近的59个农场进行疾病监测。据农业部称，在受影响的农场方圆10公里内，大约有6.2万头生猪。

The Republic of Korea | November 8: An ASF outbreak was reported in Cheorwon, Kang- won-do (Gangwon) province, after nine ASF positive pigs died. This is South Korea's first ASF outbreak in nearly two months. To prevent further disease spread, 5492 pigs were culled on the affected farm. According to a local news source, officials from the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs will conduct disease surveillance in 59 farms nearby the affected farm. According to the ministry, there are about 62,000 hogs raised in farms within a 10-kilometer radius of the affected farm.

● 泰国| 11月22日：当地政府报告称，在曼谷南部洛坤府锡春的一个养猪场爆发了非洲猪瘟。共死亡67头猪，扑杀29头以预防疫情传播。

Thailand | November 22: Local authorities reported an outbreak of ASF in a hog farm in Sichon, Nakhon Si Thammarat, south of Bangkok. A total of 67 ASF pigs died and 29 were culled as a preventative measure.

● 印度|多起疫情爆发→2,000多头猪受到影响(图4)：

India | multiple outbreaks → over 2,000 animals affected (Map 4):

○ 2022年11月3日：喀拉拉邦戈德亚姆区Arpookkara和Moolakkulam 2个村务委员会的两个养猪场出现新病例。作为预防措施，在受影响的农场方圆一公里内宰杀了181头猪。警方、动物福利部门和地方机构已在受影响地区成立了工作小组。受影响地区的猪肉暂时禁止供应

November 3, 2022: new cases had emerged from two pig farms at Arpookkara and Moolakkulam panchayats in Kottayam district in the state of Kerala. As a preventive measure 181 pigs were culled within a one-kilometer radius of the affected farms. Task forces had been constituted in the affected areas by mobilizing members of the police, animal welfare departments and local body secretaries. The supply of pork from the affected areas was banned for the time being

○ 2022年11月4日，在印度中央邦卡特尼州，5头猪被检测出非洲猪瘟阳性。在卡特尼发现了几头病猪，随后5头猪的样本被送往博帕尔的一个实验室。检测报告于2022年11月1日发布，结果为阳性。迄今为止，已有85头猪死亡，115头被确认感染。有关当局正在继续调查受感染的猪只数量。

November 4, 2022: five pigs tested positive for ASF in Katni state of Madhya Pradesh. A few sick pigs were found in Katni municipal corporation,following which samples of five pigs were sent to a laboratory in Bhopal. The report arrived on November 1, 2022, in which they found positive. So far as many as 85 pigs have died and 115 have been identified as infected. A survey work has been continued to find out the number of infected pigs

○ 2022年11月4日：卡纳塔克邦曼格鲁的养猪场报告非洲猪瘟。已采取措施扑杀和妥善处置受感染的猪只。

November 4, 2022: reported in piggery in Mangaluru, Karnataka state. Steps had been taken for culling and appropriate disposal of infected pigs.

猪病诊断网站(猪译馆全球猪病监测报告2022年12月下)

○ 2022年11月6日：卡纳塔克邦南卡纳达养猪中心确诊非洲猪瘟。10月第2周，普拉卡什在该市郊区的尼尔玛加村凯尔莱经营的农场发现了几头猪出现发烧和其他感染症状。样本被送往班加罗尔的一个实验室，该实验室于10月31日证实了非洲猪瘟。结果出来的时候，该农场的200头猪中有120头已经死亡。余下的猪只在获得许可后被扑杀。

November 6, 2022: ASF confirmed in pig breeding center in Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka state. A few pigs at the farm run by Prakash at Kelrai of Neermarga village on the outskirts of the city were found to have fever and other symptoms of the infection in the second week of October. The samples were sent to a laboratory in Bengaluru which confirmed ASF on October 31. By the time the results came, 120 of the 200 pigs at the farm had died. The remaining pigs were culled after obtaining permission from the deputy commissioner.

○ 2022年11月5日：非洲猪瘟影响阿萨姆邦乌达古里地区的畜牧业，64头猪被扑杀。非洲猪瘟自今年10月复发以来，共有52头猪和仔猪死亡，64头猪被扑杀以防止进一步传播。该疾病目前已影响到乌达古里区Simliguri 3号村和Jangle Borigaon村。

November 5, 2022: ASF affects livestock sector in Udalguri district of the state of Assam, 64 pigs culled. Since its recurrence in October this year, a total of 52 pigs and piglets have died and 64 pigs have been culled to prevent further spread. The disease has currently affected two villages - No.3 Simliguri and Jangle Borigaon - in the Udalguri district.

○ 2022年11月8日：阿萨姆邦Sivasagar地区有150头猪死于非洲猪瘟。在该地区的几个地点发现了仔猪的尸体。这是该地区第三次受到非洲猪瘟的影响。根据地区行政部门的指令，禁止在Sivasagar镇和属于Sivasagar税收圈的地区销售、饲养和运输猪。据官方消息，兽医仅在10月份就发现了13个新的非洲猪瘟疫点。新发现的疫点位于德马吉区的Tokowbari和Chetiagaon; 迪布鲁加尔区的Mohanpuwalimora和Bansbari; Sivasagar区的Betbari Da Gaon, Chenimara Gaon和Metak Gohain Chuk; 安格隆喀尔邦的迪加尔帕尼、胡加尔卡塔和Era Dighalpani; Sonitpur区的Naharbari; 还有巴佩塔区的Kashkuri和Kathlartari。新的疫点已经影响到38个农场家庭。疫情指挥部不得不扑杀269头猪。已有多达217头猪死于非洲猪瘟。自2020年下半年以来，兽医在该州发现了116个非洲猪瘟疫点，影响了14,345个农场家庭。在此期间，指挥部扑杀了3,211头猪，另有41,947头猪死亡。

November 8, 2022: 150 pigs have died in the Sivasagar district of Assam due to ASF. Carcasses of piglets have been recovered from several locations in the district. This is the third time that district has been affected by ASFV. Selling, stocking, and transporting pigs in Sivasagar town and areas falling under Sivasagar Revenue Circle are prohibited per directives from the District Administration. According to official sources, veterinarians detected 13 new ASF epicenters in October alone. The newly detected epicenters are located at Tokowbari and Chetiagaon in the Dhemaji district; Mohanpuwalimora and Bansbari in the Dibrugarh district; Betbari Da Gaon, Chenimara Gaon and Metak Gohain Chuk in the Sivasagar district; Era Dighalpani, Hugalkata and Dekachang in the Karbi Anglong; Naharbari in the Sonitpur district; and Kashkuri and Kathlartari in the Barpeta district. The new epicenters have affected 38 farm families. The Directorate had to cull 269 pigs. As many as 217 pigs died of the fever. Since the last part of 2020, veterinarians detected 116 epicenters of ASF in the state, affecting 14,345 farm families. The Directorate culled 3,211 pigs during this period when 41,947 pigs died of the fever.

猪病诊断网站(猪译馆全球猪病监测报告2022年12月下)

图4：印度非洲猪瘟疫情：2022年12月5日(多来源)

Map 4. African swine fever situation in India: December 5, 2022 (Multiple sources)

○ 2022年11月10日：喀拉拉邦伊德基邦Karimannoor村务委员会Chalaserry区一家私人养猪场确认发生非洲猪瘟。据官员称，来自8个私人农场的243头猪被扑杀，其中6个在卡里马诺地区，其余2个分别位于埃达维蒂和阿拉科德地区。

November 10, 2022: ASF confirmed at a private pig farm in the Chalaserry ward of Karimannoor panchayat in Idukki, Kerala state. According to officials, 243 pigs from eight private farms — six farms in the Karimannoor area and one each in Edavetty and Alakode — were culled.

○ 2022年11月11日：距离伊杜基200多英里的喀拉拉邦瓦亚纳德的Edavaka 村的Ellumannam农场证实了非洲猪瘟。自2022年11月4日以来，该农场的猪一直出现死亡症状。包括该农场剩余的23头猪和该农场方圆1公里内的3个猪场在内，共宰杀了136头猪。非洲猪瘟于7月在另外两个城市首次被确诊(300头猪死亡)，9月又在另外两个城市被确诊。自7月以来，作为疾病控制机制的一部分，畜牧部门捕杀了约700头猪。11月20日，该地区再次确认了非洲猪瘟。新的疫点心距离在卡里马诺导致300多头感染猪死亡事件的地点很近，后者是在警方对一宗猪中毒死亡的投诉进行检测时发现的。该投诉称，Vannappuram Pattayakudi的一家农场发生了猪中毒死亡事件。在确诊患病的地方方圆一公里内的猪都被宰杀。11月26日，又有5个村寨报告了非洲猪瘟。据畜牧部(AHD)称，非洲猪瘟目前存在于五个村庄。

November 11, 2022: ASF confirmed on a pig farm at Ellumannam in Edavaka panchayat of Wayanad, state of Kerala, more than 200 miles away from Idukki. Pigs have been dying with symptoms at this farm since November 4, 2022. A total of 136 pigs were culled, including the remaining 23 pigs on the infected farm and those in three other farms within a radius of 1-kilometer around the infected farm. ASF was first confirmed in another two municipalities in July (300 pigs died) and another two in September. Since July, the animal husbandry department culled around 700 pigs as part of a disease control mechanism. On November 20, the disease was confirmed again in the district. The new epicenter is near the killing of more than 300 infected pigs in Karimannoor. The disease was discovered when the police sent samples for testing on a complaint that pigs had been killed by poisoning at a farm in Vannappuram Pattayakudi. Pigs within a one- kilometer radius of where the disease is confirmed were culled. On November 26, ASF was reported in five more panchayats (villages). According to the Animal Husbandry Department (AHD), the ASF is currently present in five villages.

○ 2022年11月21日：非洲猪瘟在喀拉拉邦坎努尔死灰复燃。在帕拉福尔一个拥有100头猪的私人农场，已被证实感染了非洲猪瘟。至少有10头猪死于该病；其余的猪都被扑杀。

November 21, 2022: ASF re-emerged in Kannur, Kerala state. The disease has been confirmed in pigs at a private farm of 100 pigs in Peravoor. At least 10 pigs died from the disease; the rest were culled.

○ 喀拉拉邦政府计划在2023年1月16日之前禁止跨境运输猪只，以遏制非洲猪瘟风险：限制猪只在邦内流动。据地方当局称，来自米佐拉姆邦的猪可能会在该邦传播感染。目前疾病正在通过运输饲料的车辆在农场间传播。政府计划实施类似封锁的限制，以打破这一传播链条。三周内禁止从农场运输生猪，以控制疫情的快速蔓延。据兽医称，该邦的养猪场使用家禽废物、屠宰废物和猪肉废物作为饲料。人们怀疑非洲猪瘟正在通过饲料传播。尽管农户被要求用熟肉作为猪饲料，但大多数农户都给猪饲喂生肉。据畜牧部门称，非洲猪瘟已在6个地区得到确诊，超过2,000头猪被扑杀，该数量预计还会继续增长。

Kerala govt plans to ban the transportation of pigs from across the border till January 16, 2023, to contain ASF threat: restrictions on the movement of pigs inside the state. According to the local authorities, the infection potentially spreads in the state from pigs brought from Mizoram. However, it is spreading from farm to farm through vehicles transporting feed. The government is planning to impose lockdown-like restrictions to break the chain. Transportation of pigs from farms will be banned for three weeks to contain the rapid spread. According to veterinarians, poultry waste, slaughter waste, and pig meat waste are being provided as feed to pig farms in the state. It is suspected that the disease is spreading through the feed. Though farmers have been instructed to provide cooked meat as feed to pigs, most feed them with raw meat. According to the department of animal husbandry, the disease has been confirmed in six districts, with more than 2,000 pigs culled and expected to grow.

猪病诊断网站(猪译馆全球猪病监测报告2022年12月下)

印度养猪业

India: Swine Sector

印度的猪肉产量有限。根据2014- 2015年的数据，全国肉类产量为660万吨，人均供应量为4.94公斤。其中，猪肉产量为46.411万吨，仅占全国动物蛋白产量的9%。猪肉生产主要集中在该国的东北角区域，主要由后院猪场和非正式部门的生产者组成。

Pork production in India is limited. According to 2014-15 data, the country's meat production was 6.6 million tons with a per capita availability of 4.94 kg. Of this, pork production was 464.11 thousand tons, representing only 9% of the country’s animal protein. Pork production is concentrated mainly in the country's northeastern corner and consists primarily of backyard and informal sector producers.

● 截至2019年，印度生猪总数为906万头，比之前的家畜普查(2012年)减少了12.03%，约占印度家畜总数的1.7%。印度的猪只数量分别占全球和亚洲的1%和1.75%。

As of 2019, the total pig population in India is 9.06 Million, which has decreased by 12.03% over the previous Livestock Census (2012), which is about 1.7% of the total livestock population in India. The share of India in the world and the Asian swine population is only 1% and 1.75%, respectively.

● 印度东北部地区的生猪数量几乎占全国生猪总数的40%。在印度各邦中，阿萨姆邦的生猪数量最多，约占全国总量的23%，其次是贾坎德邦(14%)、梅加拉亚邦(8%)和西孟加拉邦(6%)。

The North-Eastern Region of India contributes to almost 40% of the country’s total pig population. Among the Indian states, Assam has the largest swine population, accounting for about 23% of the total population, followed by Jharkhand (14%), Meghalaya (8%), and West Bengal (6%).

● 全国生猪分布不均。大多数生猪都分布在印度的部落地带，那里的人是非素食者。

Distribution of pig population across the country is uneven. Most of the pig population is in the tribal belts of the country, where the people are non-vegetarian.

● 在印度，除了喀拉拉邦、旁遮普邦和邦阿邦的少数半商品化养猪场外，70%的猪是在传统的小农户、低投入需求驱动的生产系统内饲养的。典型的生产系统包括一个简单的猪圈，饲料包括当地可用的谷物、蔬菜、农业副产品和厨余垃圾。

In India, 70% of the pig population is reared under a traditional smallholder, low-input demand-driven production system, except for a limited number of semi-commercial pig farms in Kerala, Punjab and Goa. The typical production system consists of a simple pigsty, and feeding comprises locally available grains, vegetables, agricultural by-products, and kitchen waste.

● 根据食品加工业部(MoFPI)的数据，印度有3,600家屠宰场，但这些屠宰场没有一家出口猪肉产品。

According to the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI), there are 3,600 slaughterhouses in India, although none of these facilities exports pork products.

● 印度进口猪肉193万美元，是世界第112大进口国，出口猪肉161万美元，是世界第56大出口国。由于非洲猪瘟，猪的跨州和跨界运输受阻，猪业损失达百万美元。

India imports pork of $1.93 million, which makes 112th largest importer in the world, and exports pork of $1.61 million as the 56th exporter in the world. Due to this deadly infection, there is a million-dollar loss in the financial markets of pigs as inter-state and transboundary transportation of pigs is being hampered.

口蹄疫

Foot-and-Mouth Disease

非洲 AFRICA

● 乌干达| 11月16日：乌干达养牛走廊沿线地区爆发新的疫情。据新闻报道，乌干达爆发了新的口蹄疫疫情。受影响的地区包括乌干达西部的Sembabule、Lyantonde和Isingiro以及乌干达东部的Bukedea。乌干达西部爆发疫情的原因是有不明显感染(亚临床感染、带菌动物)的牛的移动，在例行兽医检查中没有发现这种感染。作为一种疾病控制措施，当局已经禁止活牛和牛产品的移动。在Bukedea区，两个副县Aminit和Kamutur报告了影响疫情，共影响5,000多头牛。乌干达农业、畜牧业和渔业部已开始安排接种疫苗，以遏制口蹄疫的蔓延——迄今已向疫情爆发和风险地区分发了约90万剂口蹄疫疫苗。

Uganda | November 16: New outbreaks in districts along the Uganda cattle corridor. According to news reports, there are new outbreaks of FMD in Uganda. The districts affected are Sembabule, Lyantonde, and Isingiro in western Uganda and Bukedea in eastern Uganda. The outbreaks in western Uganda are attributed to the movement of cattle with unapparent infection (subclinical infection, carrier animals), which was not detected during routine veterinary inspections. As a disease control measure, authorities have prohibited the movement of live cattle and cattle products. In Bukedea district, two sub-counties, Aminit and Kamutur, have reported outbreaks affecting more than 5000 cattle. The Uganda Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries has embarked on vaccination to curb the spread of FMD -- so far distributed approximately 900,000 FMD vaccine doses to the outbreak and at- risk districts.

● 纳米比亚| 11月6日：赞比西河地区偶蹄动物和动物产品的移动部分被解除。在2022年10月13日爆发口蹄疫后，纳米比亚部分解除了对赞比西河地区偶蹄类动物及其产品的运输禁令。在赞比西河地区爆发疫情的Mbalasinte和Kasika村方圆30公里内成功进行了包围疫苗接种后，取消了禁令。据兽医服务局称(DVS)，这些村庄的52,480头牛中有48,458头接种了SAT三价疫苗，并确定了一个仍然存在行动限制的新疾病管理区。来自纳米比亚的世界动物卫生组织动物健康通告系统的最新后续报告表明，在赞比西Kabe Kasika村的48头牛群中报告了一例新的口蹄疫病例。对受影响地区的监测仍在继续，当局正在进行公众宣讲。

Namibia | November 6: Movement of animals with cloven hooves and animal products out of the Zambezi region partially lifted. Namibia has partially lifted the ban on the movement of cloven-hoofed animals and their products in the Zambezi region following the FMD outbreak on October 13, 2022. The ban was lifted following the successful ring vaccination within a 30 km radius of the outbreak villages of Mbalasinte and Kasika in the Zambezi region. According to the Directorate of Veterinary Services (DVS), 48,458 out of 52,480 cattle in these villages have been vaccinated with a South African Territories (SAT) type trivalent vaccine, and a new disease management area where movement restrictions are still in place has been defined. The latest follow-up report to WOAH-WAHIS from Namibia indicates one new FMD case was recorded in a herd of 48 cattle in Kasika village, Kabe, Zambezi region. Surveillance continues in this affected area, and the authorities are doing public sensitization.

亚洲 ASIA

● 巴拉斯坦|11月21日：报告8例牛口蹄疫新病例。自2021年12月11日开始在西岸爆发的口蹄疫疫情仍在继续，最新报告显示，在哈利勒(希伯伦)塔夫赫的一个后院农场出现了新病例。2022年11月22日，向世界动物卫生组织动物健康通告系统发送了一份关于8例牛口蹄疫新病例和5例死亡的后续报告。因此，自疫情爆发以来，已报告的口蹄疫病例总数达374例(54头牛、260只绵羊、60只山羊/绵羊)，死亡病例总数达51例(30头牛、4只绵羊、17只山羊/绵羊)。经确认，爆发病毒为O型口蹄疫病毒，已在牛、绵羊和山羊中引起疾病。2022年，西岸不同地方报告了病例和死亡；2022年5月14日，齐勒齐斯一家农场报告6例病例，5例死亡；2022年4月24日，杜拉市某农场发现10例绵羊病例以及2例死亡；2022年1月2日，在图巴省和纳布卢斯省杰里科省(Marj Na 'je)西南边界的一个游牧畜群中报告了40例病例和20例死亡。已采取了分区管理、限制区域内监测、行动限制和接种疫苗等措施控制此次疫情。

Palestine | November 21: Eight new FMD cases were reported in cattle. The Foot-and- mouth disease outbreak in West Bank, which started on December 11, 2021, is still ongoing, with the latest reports of new cases in a backyard farm in Taffuh, Al Khalil (Hebron). On November 22, 2022, a follow-up report was sent to WOAH-WAHIS about eight new FMD cases in cattle and five deaths. This brings the total number of reported FMD cases to 374 (54 cattle, 260 sheep, 60 mixed herds of goats/sheep) and the total number of deaths to 51 (30 cattle, 4 sheep, 17 mixed herds of goats/sheep), since the start of this outbreak. The outbreak virus was confirmed to be FMD-virus serotype O and has caused disease in cattle, sheep, and goats. In 2022 cases and deaths have been reported in different localities within West Bank; On May 14, 2022, six cases and five deaths were reported on a farm in Qilqis; On April 24, 2022, 10 cases and two deaths were reported in sheep on a farm in Dura; January 02, 2022, 40 cases and 20 deaths were reported in a nomadic herd in Jericho governorate (Marj Na’je) southwest border of Tubas and Nablus governorates. Zoning, surveillance within restricted areas, movement restriction, and vaccination have been applied to control this outbreak.

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报告聚焦

FOCUS ON REPORT

世界动物卫生组织在提高疾病报告及时性和准确性方面的关键作用

The World Organization for Animal Health's crucial role in improving the timeliness and accuracy of disease reporting

世界动物卫生组织关于“当前世界动物卫生状况：事件和趋势分析”的最新报告显示了该组织已采取的努力和未来计划，以最大限度地减少未报告疾病事件的数量，并确保成员国和非成员国透明和及时提交疾病通知和报告。

WOAH’s latest report on the “Current animal health situation worldwide: analysis of events and trends,” shows the efforts and future plans the organization has put in place to minimize the number of unreported disease events and to ensure transparency and timely submission of disease notifications and reports by member and non-member countries.

根据该报告，自2005年以来，已通过动物健康通告系统向世界动物卫生组织提交了4,054份初步通报和11,297份后续报告，使成员能够就“突出的流行病学事件提供有关事件流行病学演变的信息，直至事件得到解决或稳定；并帮助减少动物疾病的跨界传播。”通过世界动物卫生组织动物健康通告系统提交的通知数量随着时间的推移稳步增加，使世界动物卫生组织在提供世界各地流行病学事件的发病率和进展的可靠描述方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。自2005年以来，陆生动物疾病占预警报告的绝大多数，占所有初始报告的93.7%，占所有后续报告的99%。

According to the report, 4054 initial notifications and 11,297 follow-up reports have been submitted to WOAH through WAHIS since 2005, allowing members to share alerts on “outstanding epidemiological events; provide information on the epidemiological evolution of the events until their resolution or stabilization; and help reduce the transboundary spread of animal diseases.” The number of notifications submitted through WOAH-WAHIS has steadily increased over time, making WOAH an increasingly important player in providing a reliable depiction of the incidence and progression of epidemiological occurrences worldwide. Since 2005, terrestrial animal diseases have accounted for the vast majority of early warning reports, accounting for 93.7% of all initial notifications and 99% of all follow-up reports.

在此期间，最常报告的陆生动物疾病是禽流感2型，占所有陆生动物最初通报的31%；非洲猪瘟病毒，占所有初步通报的12%；以及口蹄疫病毒，占最初通报病例的10%。自2005年以来，这三种疾病占向世界卫生组织报告的所有初步通报的一半以上。

During this time period, the most frequently reported terrestrial animal diseases were: avian influenza 2, which accounted for 31% of all terrestrial initial notifications; African swine fever (ASF) virus, which accounted for 12% of all initial notifications; and foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus, which accounted for 10% of initial notifications. Since 2005, these three diseases have accounted for more than half of all initial notifications reported to the OIE/WOAH.

本报告对疾病通报和报告提交趋势的分析突出了水生和陆生动物疾病在报告疾病方面的一些差异，尽管这些差异必须根据收集这两类动物疾病数据的不同方式加以考虑。最值得注意的是，只有一小部分通报报告涉及水生动物疾病，有些区域几乎没有报告。

The report's analysis of trends in disease notification and report submission highlighted some differences in disease reporting between aquatic and terrestrial animal diseases, even though these differences must be considered in light of the diverse ways in which data on these two groups of diseases is collected. Most notably, only a small percentage of notification reports involve aquatic animal diseases, with nearly no reports from some regions.

世界动物卫生组织于2002年建立了积极的搜索活动，以跟踪与世界范围内动物卫生和公共卫生事件有关的非官方信息、谣言和信号，目标是减少未报告事件的数量，使其足以进行初步通报，并提高通报的透明度和及时性。自2018年以来，已使用先进的软件工具开展流行病学情报活动，从而改善了及时报告和国家透明度。如果发现与官方提供给世界动物卫生组织的信息有任何差异，将利用所有这些证据与相关国家进行跟踪。这项活动的影响主要体现在提高了世界动物卫生组织了解与该组织所列疾病有关的任何非官方信息以及其他潜在的动物和公共卫生威胁的能力。世界动物卫生组织建议其成员继续以迅速和开放的方式交流值得注意的流行病学事件的细节，包括世界动物卫生组织列出的疾病和新出现的疾病。

The OIE, now WOAH, established active searching activities to track unofficial information, rumors, and signals relating to animal health and public health events worldwide in 2002, with the goal of reducing the number of unreported events sufficient to warrant an initial notification and improving the transparency and timeliness of notifications. Since 2018, advanced software tools have been used to conduct epidemiological intelligence activities, resulting in improvements in timely reporting and national transparency. All of this evidence was utilized to follow up with the countries involved if any differences were found with the official information given to WOAH. The impact of this activity is seen primarily in an improved capacity of WOAH to be aware of any unofficial information related to WOAH- listed diseases but also of other potential animal and public health threats. WOAH advises its members to keep exchanging details on noteworthy epidemiological occurrences involving both WOAH-listed diseases and emerging diseases in a prompt and open manner.

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